Certified Research Administrator Practice Exam

Which legislation places restrictions on who can possess select agents and provides criminal penalties for such possession?

1. Export Controls

2. Deemed Exports

3. Patriot Act

4. ITAR

The correct answer is: Patriot Act

The legislation that places restrictions on who can possess select agents and provides criminal penalties for such possession is indeed the Patriot Act. This act was established in response to national security concerns, particularly following the events of September 11, 2001. It expanded the government's authority to monitor and regulate the possession and transfer of certain biological agents and toxins that could potentially be used for bioterrorism. The Patriot Act includes provisions aimed at preventing the misuse of biological materials that pose a significant risk to public health and safety. By establishing strict guidelines around the possession and handling of select agents, the act seeks to ensure that only authorized individuals and facilities can access these materials. Furthermore, it reinforces the legal framework that includes criminal penalties for unauthorized possession, thereby deterring potential threats. The other options refer to different regulatory frameworks but do not specifically address the possession of select agents in the same manner. Export controls and deemed exports focus on the transfer of technology and information across borders, while ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) deals primarily with defense-related articles and services. Although they all handle security and compliance aspects, the specific restrictions and criminal penalties regarding select agents are integral to the Patriot Act's overarching goal of enhancing national security.